Ankara Med J. 2020; 20(2): 254-268 | DOI: 10.5505/amj.2020.02360

Aile Saðlýðý Merkezlerine Baþvuran Hastalarýn Saðlýk Okuryazarlýðý Düzeyinin Deðerlendirilmesi: Çankaya Ýlçesi Örneði

Kenan Gözlü¹, Sýdýka KAYA^2
1Saðlýk Bakanlýðý Saðlýk Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüðü
²Hacettepe Üniversitesi Ýktisadi ve Ýdari Bilimler Fakültesi Saðlýk Yönetimi Bölümü

GÝRÝÞ ve AMAÇ: Bu araþtýrmanýn amacý Aile Saðlýðý Merkezlerine baþvuran hastalarýn saðlýk okuryazarlýðý düzeyinin deðerlendirilmesidir.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Kesitsel nitelikteki bu araþtýrmada hastalarýn saðlýk okuryazarlýðý düzeyini belirlemek için Avrupa Birliði tarafýndan geliþtirilen ‘‘Saðlýk Okuryazarlýðý Anketi’’ kullanýlmýþtýr. Araþtýrmanýn evrenini Türkiye’nin sosyo-ekonomik seviyesi en yüksek ilçesi olan Çankaya’da ikamet eden, ayný ilçedeki Aile Saðlýðý Merkezlerine baþvuran, 18 yaþ ve üzerindeki hastalar oluþturmaktadýr. Araþtýrmaya 25 Aile Saðlýðý Merkezinden 500 hasta katýlmýþtýr.
BULGULAR: Hastalarýn genel saðlýk okuryazarlýðý indeksi ortalama 30,25±7,28 olarak hesaplanmýþtýr. Hastalarýn %20,90’ýnýn yetersiz, %48,30’unun sýnýrlý, %24,90’ýnýn yeterli ve %5,90’ýnýn mükemmel saðlýk okuryazarlýðýna sahip olduðu görülmüþtür. Yaþ, eðitim durumu, çalýþma durumu, aylýk gelir durumu, genel saðlýk durumu, kronik hastalýk varlýðý, son 12 ayda aile hekimine baþvuru sayýsý ve aile hekimi tarafýndan ziyaret edilme durumu açýsýndan hastalarýn saðlýk okuryazarlýðýnýn genel düzeyinin veya alt indekslerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlý farklýlýklar gösterdiði bulunmuþtur (p<0,05).
TARTIÞMA ve SONUÇ: Hastalarýn büyük bir çoðunluðunun saðlýk okuryazarlýðý yetersiz veya sýnýrlý düzeydedir. Bu durum saðlýk okuryazarlýðýnýn artýrýlmasýna yönelik faaliyetlerin gerçekleþtirilmesi gerektiðini ortaya koymaktadýr.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Aile Saðlýðý Merkezi, hasta, saðlýk okuryazarlýðý.

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Evaluation of Health Literacy Level of Patients Applied to Family Health Centers: The Case of Çankaya District

Kenan Gözlü¹, Sýdýka KAYA^2
1Ministry of Health General Directorate of Health Services
²Hacettepe University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Department of Healthcare Management

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the health literacy level of patients applied to Family Health Centers.
METHODS: ‘‘The Health Literacy Questionnaire’’ developed by the European Union was used to determine the level of health literacy of the patients in this cross-sectional study. The population of the study was composed of adult patients who applied to the Family Health Centers in Çankaya and live in same district. Çankaya is the district with the highest socio-economic level in Turkey. Five hundred patients from 25 Family Health Centers participated in the study.
RESULTS: The mean of overall health literacy index of the patients was 30.25±7.28. It was observed that 20.90% of the patients had inadequate, 48.30% had limited, 24.90% had sufficient and 5.90% had excellent health literacy. It was found that the general level or sub-indices of patients’ health literacy differed significantly by age, educational status, working status, monthly income status, general health status, having a chronic disease, number of visits to family physician and visits by family physician in the last 12 months (p <0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The health literacy of the majority of patients is insufficient or limited. This reveals the need to carry out activities aimed at increasing health literacy.

Keywords: Family Health Center, patient, health literacy.

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ATIF KOPYALA